1. What is Voltage Drop?

Voltage drop is the reduction in voltage in an electrical circuit between the source and load. It occurs due to the resistance of conductors and can affect the performance of electrical equipment.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the voltage drop formula:

Where:

• \( VD \) — Voltage drop (volts)
• \( I \) — Current (amperes)
• \( R \) — Resistance per foot (ohms/foot)
• \( L \) — Length of cable (feet)

Explanation: The formula calculates the voltage loss in a two-conductor cable system, accounting for both the outgoing and return paths.

3. Importance of Voltage Drop Calculation

Details: Proper voltage drop calculation ensures electrical equipment receives adequate voltage for optimal performance and prevents issues like dim lighting, motor overheating, and equipment malfunction.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter current in amperes, resistance per foot in ohms, and cable length in feet. All values must be positive numbers. The result shows voltage drop in volts.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is an acceptable voltage drop?
A: Generally, voltage drop should not exceed 3% for branch circuits and 5% for feeder circuits according to electrical codes.

Q2: Why is there a factor of 2 in the formula?
A: The factor of 2 accounts for both the hot and neutral conductors in a typical single-phase AC circuit.

Q3: How do I find cable resistance values?
A: Resistance values can be found in cable manufacturer specifications or standard electrical tables based on wire gauge and material.

Q4: Does voltage drop affect power consumption?
A: Yes, voltage drop results in power loss as heat in the conductors, reducing system efficiency.

Q5: When should I be concerned about voltage drop?
A: Be concerned with long cable runs, high current applications, or when equipment performance is affected by low voltage.