1. What is the Flow Rate Equation?

The flow rate equation Q = C × √(ΔP) calculates the volumetric flow rate through an orifice or restriction based on the pressure drop across it. This fundamental equation is widely used in fluid dynamics and engineering applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the flow rate equation:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gpm)
• \( C \) — Flow coefficient (unitless)
• \( \Delta P \) — Pressure drop (psi)

Explanation: The equation demonstrates that flow rate is proportional to the square root of the pressure drop, with the coefficient C representing the specific characteristics of the orifice or flow path.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is essential for designing fluid systems, sizing pipes and valves, optimizing pump performance, and ensuring proper system operation in various industrial and engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow coefficient (C) and pressure drop (ΔP) in psi. Both values must be valid (coefficient > 0, pressure drop ≥ 0). The calculator will compute the flow rate in gallons per minute (gpm).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the flow coefficient (C)?
A: The flow coefficient is a dimensionless number that characterizes the flow capacity of a valve, orifice, or other flow restriction based on its geometry and size.

Q2: Why is the relationship square root?
A: The square root relationship comes from the Bernoulli equation and conservation of energy principles in fluid dynamics, where velocity is proportional to the square root of pressure difference.

Q3: What are typical C values?
A: C values vary widely depending on the application. For standard orifices, values typically range from 0.6 to 0.8, while specialized valves may have published Cv values from manufacturers.

Q4: Can this equation be used for all fluids?
A: This simplified form is primarily for incompressible fluids like water. For gases or compressible fluids, additional factors like density and compressibility must be considered.

Q5: What are common applications?
A: This equation is used in hydraulic systems, water distribution, HVAC systems, chemical processing, and any application involving flow through restrictions or orifices.