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Discharge Rate Equation:
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The Rate of Discharge Formula (Q = A × v) calculates the volumetric flow rate of fluid through a cross-sectional area. It is fundamental in fluid mechanics for determining flow rates in pipes, channels, and through orifices or weirs.
The calculator uses the discharge rate equation:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the volume of fluid passing through a given cross-section per unit time, essential for hydraulic engineering and fluid system design.
Details: Accurate discharge rate calculation is crucial for designing water supply systems, irrigation channels, drainage systems, and for environmental flow assessments in rivers and streams.
Tips: Enter cross-sectional area in m², velocity in m/s, and select the desired unit system. All values must be positive. The calculator automatically converts between metric and imperial units.
Q1: What is the difference between discharge rate and flow rate?
A: Discharge rate specifically refers to volumetric flow rate (volume per time), while flow rate can sometimes refer to mass flow rate in different contexts.
Q2: When is this formula applicable?
A: The formula applies to steady, uniform flow conditions and is commonly used for orifice flow, weir calculations, and pipe/channel flow analysis.
Q3: What are typical units for discharge rate?
A: Metric: m³/s (cubic meters per second), L/s (liters per second). Imperial: cfs (cubic feet per second), gpm (gallons per minute).
Q4: How does cross-sectional shape affect the calculation?
A: The formula works for any cross-sectional shape as long as the area is correctly calculated and velocity is uniform across the section.
Q5: What are the limitations of this formula?
A: Assumes uniform velocity distribution and steady flow conditions. For non-uniform flows, integration methods may be required.